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What is Anxiety (GAD) Generalized Anxiety
Disorder
Recognizing GAD
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
is much more than the normal anxiety people experience
day to day. It's chronic and exaggerated worry and
tension, even though nothing seems to provoke it. Having
this disorder means always anticipating disaster, often
worrying excessively about health, money, family, or
work. Sometimes, though, the source of the worry is hard
to pinpoint. Simply the thought of getting through the
day provokes anxiety.
People with generalized anxiety disorder can't seem to shake their concerns,
even though they usually realize that their anxiety is more intense than the
situation warrants. People with GAD also seem unable to relax. They often
have trouble falling or staying asleep. Their worries are accompanied by
physical symptoms, especially trembling, twitching, muscle tension,
headaches, irritability, sweating, or hot flashes. They may feel lightheaded
or out of breath. They
Many individuals with GAD startle more easily than other people. They tend
to feel tired, have trouble concentrating, and sometimes suffer depression,
too.
Usually the impairment associated with generalized anxiety disorder is mild
and may feel nauseated or have to go to the bathroom frequently. Or they
might feel as though they have a lump in the throat.
People with the disorder don't feel too restricted in social settings or on
the job. Unlike many other anxiety disorders, people with GAD don't
characteristically avoid certain situations as a result of their disorder.
However, if severe, GAD can be very debilitating, making it difficult to
carry out even the most ordinary daily activities.
GAD comes on gradually and most often hits people in childhood or
adolescence, but can begin in adulthood, too. It's more common in women than
in men and often occurs in relatives of affected persons. It's diagnosed
when someone spends at least 6 months worried excessively about a number of
everyday problems.
In general, the symptoms of GAD seem to diminish with age. Successful
treatment may include a medication called buspirone. Research into the
effectiveness of other medications, such as benzodiazepines and
antidepressants, is ongoing. Also useful are cognitive-behavioral therapy,
relaxation techniques, and biofeedback to control muscle tension.
Generalized
anxiety
disorder
is a
relatively
common
anxiety
problem,
affecting
3-4%
of
the
population,
that
turns
daily
life
into
a
state
of
worry,
anxiety,
and
fear.
Excessive
thinking
and
dwelling
on
the
"what
ifs"
characterizes
this
anxiety
disorder.
As a
result,
the
person
feels
there’s
no
way
out
of
the
vicious
cycle
of
anxiety
and
worry,
and
then
becomes
depressed
about
life
and
the
state
of
anxiety
they
find
themselves
in.
Generalized
anxiety
usually
does
not
cause
people
to
avoid
situations,
and
there
isn’t
an
element
of a
"panic
attack"
involved
in
the
prognosis,
either.
It’s
the
thinking,
thinking,
thinking,
dwelling,
dwelling,
ruminating,
ruminating,
and
inability
to
shut
the
mind
off
that
so
incapacitates
the
person.
At
other
times,
thoughts
seem
almost
non-existent
because
the
anxious
feelings
are
so
dominant.
Feelings
of
worry,
dread,
lack
of
energy,
and
a
loss
of
interest
in
life
are
common.
Many
times
there
is
no
"trigger"
or
"cause"
for
these
feelings
and
the
person
realizes
these
feelings
are
irrational.
Nevertheless,
the
feelings
are
very
real.
At
this
point,
there
is
no
"energy"
or
"zest"
in
life
and
no
desire
to
want
to
do
much.
This
emotional
fear
and
worry
can
be
quite
strong.
If a
loved
one
is
ten
minutes
late,
the
person
with
generalized
anxiety
fears
the
very
worst
--
something’s
dreadfully
wrong
(after
all,
they’re
ten
minutes
late!),
there’s
been
an
accident,
the
paramedics
are
taking
the
person
to
the
hospital
and
his
injuries
are
just
too
critical
to
resuscitate
him....."Oh,
my
God!.....WHAT
AM I
GOING
TO
DO?"
Feelings
of
fear
and
anxiety
rush
in
from
these
thoughts,
and
the
vicious
cycle
of
anxiety
and
depression
runs
wild.
Some
people
with
generalized
anxiety
have
fluctuations
in
mood
from
hour
to
hour,
whereas
others
have
"good
days"
and
"bad
days".
Others
do
better
in
the
morning,
and
others
find
it
easier
at
the
end
of
the
day.
These
anxiety
feelings
and
moods
feed
on
themselves,
leading
the
person
to
continue
in
the
pattern
of
worry
and
anxiety
--
unless
something
powerful
breaks
it
up.
Physical
manifestations
of
generalized
anxiety
may
include
headaches,
trembling,
twitching,
irritability,
frustration,
and
inability
to
concentrate.
Sleep
disturbances
may
also
occur.
Elements
of
social
phobia
and/or
panic
may
sometimes
be
present,
such
as
high
levels
of
self-consciousness
in
some
situations,
and
fear
of
not
being
able
to
escape
from
enclosed
spaces.
It
is
also
common,
but
not
universal,
for
people
with
generalized
anxiety
to
experience
other
problems,
such
as a
quickness
to
startle
from
it,
a
lack
of
ability
to
fully
relax,
and
the
propensity
to
be
in a
state
of
constant
motion.
It
is
difficult
for
some
people
with
generalized
anxiety
to
settle
down
enough
to
have
a
quiet,
reflective
time
where
they
can
calm
down,
relax,
and
feel
some
peace
and
tranquility.
Strategies
to
peacefully
calm
down
and
relax
are
one
part
in
overcoming
this
problem.
Normal
life
stresses
aggravate
generalized
anxiety.
The
person
who
typically
performs
well
at
work
and
receives
a
sense
of
accomplishment
from
it,
all
of a
sudden
finds
that
work
has
become
drudgery.
If
work
is
perceived
as a
negative
environment,
and
the
person
no
longer
feels
fulfilled,
then
considerable
worry
takes
place
over
these
situations.
As a
result,
the
anticipatory
anxiety
about
going
to
work
can
become
quite
strong.
Generalized
anxiety
has
been
shown
to
respond
best
to
cognitive-behavioral
therapy,
an
active
therapy
that
involves
more
than
just
talking
to a
therapist.
In
CBT,
the
person
gradually
learns
to
see
situations
and
problems
in a
different
perspective
and
learns
the
methods
and
techniques
to
use
to
alleviate
and
reduce
anxiety.
Sometimes
medication
is a
helpful
adjunct
to
therapy,
but
for
many
people
it
is
not
necessary.
Research
indicates
that
generalized
anxiety
is
fully
treatable
and
can
be
successfully
overcome
over
the
course
of
about
three
to
four
months
if
the
person
is
motivated
and
works
toward
recovery.
Generalized
anxiety
must
be
chipped
away
from
all
sides
and
that
is
what
CBT
is
designed
to
do.
No
one
has
to
live
with
generalized
anxiety
disorder......treatment
for
GAD
has
been
shown
to
be
both
effective
and
successful.
Please
seek
a
therapist
who
understands
anxiety
and
the
anxiety
disorders.
Remember,
that
just
because
a
person
has
a
degree
behind
their
name,
does
not
mean
they
understand
and
can
treat
an
anxiety
disorder.
Feel
free
to
ask
questions
of
any
professional
and
make
sure
your
therapist
understands
and
knows
how
to
treat
generalized
anxiety.
It
is
usually
a
good
idea
to
see
a
specialist
in
this
area
(they
don’t
charge
more),
but
they
do
have
a
practice
that
is
geared
toward
the
anxiety
disorders.
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